Baseline PSA testing for men in their 40s: currently available evidence strongly supports baseline PSA measurements in this age group.

In the United States, during the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening era, there has been an 80% decrease in the proportion of prostate cancer (PCa) patients presenting with metastases at diagnosis and a 45% decrease in the prostate cancer–specific mortality rate.[1] Furthermore, two randomized clinical trials (with still incomplete follow-up) have reported PCa-specific mortality reductions of 21% and 44%, respectively.[2,3] Nevertheless, PCa remains a leading cause of cancer death, and there is concern about the increasing number of patients who are developing incurable castrate-resistant disease.